歌舞伎を英語で説明・紹介するための基本情報と、英会話に役立つ表現をシンプルでわかりやすい英語で紹介します。
英会話ダイアローグ・関連情報・10の質問を通して、歌舞伎に関する英語表現を学びます。
英語
英会話ダイアローグを読む前に知っておくと良い前提知識と情報は以下の通りです。
- 歌舞伎の基本知識
- 起源と歴史: 歌舞伎は1603年に京都の出雲の阿国という女性が始めました。最初は女性が演じていましたが、現在は男性のみが演じています。
- 特徴: 豪華な衣装、ドラマチックなメイク（クマ取り）、誇張された演技が特徴です。メイクは役柄を際立たせるために使われます。
- 演目の種類: 歌舞伎の演目は主に3つのカテゴリに分かれます。
- 時代物 歴史的な出来事や侍の物語を描く。
- 世話物: 普通の人々の生活を描く。
- 所作事: 舞踊が中心の演目。
- 人気の演目
- 勧進帳: 明快なストーリーと有名なシーンで初心者にもおすすめ。
- 連獅子: ダイナミックな獅子舞が特徴で視覚的に楽しめる。
- 仮名手本忠臣蔵: 忠義と復讐の物語。
- 観劇のポイント
- 一幕見席: 初めての人には、一幕だけ観ることができるチケットがおすすめ。気軽に歌舞伎を体験できます。
- イヤホンガイド: 英語などの解説が聞けるガイドがあり、物語や登場人物の理解が深まります。
- パンフレット: 多言語のパンフレットで公演の概要を事前に読むことができます。
- チケットの購入
- オンライン購入: 歌舞伎座の公式ウェブサイトで購入可能。
- 価格: 一幕見席は1,000円から2,000円、全公演のチケットは席によって4,000円から20,000円程度。
2人が歌舞伎について話しています。
歌舞伎の起源や特徴、初心者におすすめの演目、歌舞伎座での観劇方法などを話題にしています。
チケット購入方法や観劇時のポイントについても触れています。
会話 / dialogue
Hey Key, I’ve been really interested in Kabuki lately. I want to know more about it and maybe watch a performance. Have you ever been to a Kabuki show?
Yes, I have! Kabuki is fascinating. It started in the early 1600s by a woman named Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto. Did you know that?
No, I didn’t. That’s interesting. So, it’s pretty old, right?
Yes, it is. Initially, women performed it, but now only men perform Kabuki. They wear elaborate costumes and dramatic makeup called Kumadori to highlight their roles.
I’ve seen pictures of the makeup. It’s really striking. What kinds of plays do they perform?
Kabuki plays are mainly of three types: Historical plays, which depict samurai stories and historical events; Domestic plays, which focus on the lives of ordinary people; and Dance plays, which are centered around dance performances.
That sounds varied and interesting. Are there any specific plays you would recommend for a beginner like me?
Definitely. “Kanjincho” is a great one. It has a clear story and famous scenes, especially with the character Benkei. “Renjishi,” which features dynamic lion dances, is also very visually impressive. And “Kanadehon Chushingura” is a classic tale of loyalty and revenge.
Those sound great. Where can I watch these performances?
The best place to start is Kabuki-za in Tokyo. It’s a beautiful theater with regular performances. They also offer earphone guides in English, which help a lot. Another great theater is Minami-za in Kyoto.
I’ll definitely check out Kabuki-za. What about tickets? Are they hard to get?
Not really. You can buy tickets online from their official website or directly at the theater. For a first-timer, I recommend getting a single act ticket. It’s less commitment and a good way to get a feel for Kabuki.
That’s a good tip. How much do the tickets usually cost?
It depends on the seating. Single act tickets can be around 1,000 to 2,000 yen. Full performance tickets range from 4,000 to 20,000 yen, depending on the seat.
That sounds reasonable. Is there anything else I should know before going?
It helps to read a bit about the play beforehand. Also, there are pamphlets and earphone guides available in multiple languages, so you won’t miss any details. And don’t forget to check out the shops and restaurants inside the theater.
Thanks, Key. I’m really excited to experience Kabuki now. It sounds like a fantastic way to dive into Japanese culture.
You’re welcome, Mack. Enjoy the show! It’s truly an unforgettable experience.
関連情報 / related information
「歌舞伎」について、理解を深めるための「英語での関連情報」です。
歌舞伎
Origin and History
Kabuki is a traditional Japanese theater form that started in 1603. It was created by a woman named Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto. At first, women performed Kabuki, but later, only men were allowed to perform. Today, Kabuki is performed only by men.
Features
Kabuki is known for its elaborate costumes, dramatic makeup, and exaggerated acting. The makeup, called Kumadori, highlights the characters’ roles and emotions. The actors use strong poses and movements to express their characters.
Types of Plays
There are three main types of Kabuki plays:
- Historical Plays : These plays tell stories about historical events and samurai.
- Domestic Plays : These focus on the lives of ordinary people and everyday events.
- Dance Plays: These are centered around dance performances.
Popular Plays
Some popular Kabuki plays are:
- Kanjincho: A play with a clear story and famous scenes. It’s good for beginners.
- Renjishi: This play features dynamic lion dances, which are very visually impressive.
- Kanadehon Chushingura: A classic story about loyalty and revenge.
Watching Kabuki
For beginners, it is good to buy a single act ticket. This allows you to watch one part of the play. Most theaters offer earphone guides in English and other languages to help you understand the story. Kabuki-za in Tokyo is a great place to watch Kabuki. You can buy tickets online from their official website. Single act tickets cost around 1,000 to 2,000 yen, and full performance tickets range from 4,000 to 20,000 yen.
10の質問 / 10 questions
「歌舞伎」について、理解を深めるための「英語での10の質問」です。
1: What is Kabuki?
Kabuki is a traditional Japanese theater form that started in the early 1600s. It is known for its elaborate costumes, dramatic makeup, and exaggerated acting.
2: Who created Kabuki?
Kabuki was created by a woman named Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto in 1603. She performed dance and drama, which became the basis of Kabuki.
3: What are the main types of Kabuki plays?
There are three main types of Kabuki plays: historical plays (jidaimono), domestic plays (sewamono), and dance plays (shosagoto).
4: What is Kumadori in Kabuki?
Kumadori is the dramatic makeup used in Kabuki to highlight the characters' roles and emotions. It uses bold colors and patterns.
5: Why do only men perform in Kabuki?
Originally, women performed in Kabuki, but in 1629, women were banned from performing, and since then, only men have taken on all the roles.
6: What is Hanamichi in Kabuki?
Hanamichi is a raised platform or runway that extends from the stage into the audience. It is used for dramatic entrances and exits.
7: What is a popular Kabuki play for beginners?
Kanjincho is a popular Kabuki play for beginners. It has a clear story and famous scenes, making it easy to understand.
8: Where can you watch Kabuki performances?
Kabuki performances can be watched at theaters like Kabuki-za in Tokyo and Minami-za in Kyoto, where regular performances are held.
9: How can a beginner enjoy watching Kabuki?
A beginner can enjoy Kabuki by buying a single act ticket and using an earphone guide, which provides explanations in English and other languages.
10: How much do Kabuki tickets usually cost?
Kabuki ticket prices vary. Single act tickets cost around 1,000 to 2,000 yen, while full performance tickets can range from 4,000 to 20,000 yen, depending on the seat.
和訳付
会話 / dialogue
Hey Key, I’ve been really interested in Kabuki lately. I want to know more about it and maybe watch a performance. Have you ever been to a Kabuki show?
ねえキー、最近歌舞伎にすごく興味があるんだ。もっと知りたいし、もしかしたら公演も観たいと思ってるんだ。歌舞伎を観たことある？
Yes, I have! Kabuki is fascinating. It started in the early 1600s by a woman named Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto. Did you know that?
うん、あるよ！歌舞伎はとても魅力的だよ。1600年代初頭に、京都の出雲の阿国という女性が始めたんだ。知ってた？
No, I didn’t. That’s interesting. So, it’s pretty old, right?
いや、知らなかったよ。それは興味深いね。つまり、かなり古いんだね？
Yes, it is. Initially, women performed it, but now only men perform Kabuki. They wear elaborate costumes and dramatic makeup called Kumadori to highlight their roles.
そうなんだ。最初は女性が演じてたんだけど、今は男性だけが演じているよ。彼らは豪華な衣装を着て、クマ取りというドラマチックなメイクをして役柄を際立たせているんだ。
I’ve seen pictures of the makeup. It’s really striking. What kinds of plays do they perform?
メイクの写真を見たことがあるよ。本当に印象的だよね。どんな種類の演目があるの？
Kabuki plays are mainly of three types: Historical plays, which depict samurai stories and historical events; Domestic plays, which focus on the lives of ordinary people; and Dance plays, which are centered around dance performances.
歌舞伎の演目は主に3つの種類があるよ。侍の物語や歴史的な出来事を描く歴史物、普通の人々の生活を描く世話物、そして舞踊が中心の所作事だよ。
That sounds varied and interesting. Are there any specific plays you would recommend for a beginner like me?
それは多様で面白そうだね。初心者の僕におすすめの演目はある？
Definitely. “Kanjincho” is a great one. It has a clear story and famous scenes, especially with the character Benkei. “Renjishi,” which features dynamic lion dances, is also very visually impressive. And “Kanadehon Chushingura” is a classic tale of loyalty and revenge.
もちろんだよ。「勧進帳」はすごく良いよ。ストーリーがわかりやすくて、有名なシーンがたくさんあるんだ。特に弁慶のキャラクターが印象的だよ。「連獅子」はダイナミックな獅子舞が特徴で、視覚的にもすごく迫力がある。「仮名手本忠臣蔵」は忠義と復讐の古典的な物語だよ。
Those sound great. Where can I watch these performances?
それは良さそうだね。どこでこれらの公演を観ることができるの？
The best place to start is Kabuki-za in Tokyo. It’s a beautiful theater with regular performances. They also offer earphone guides in English, which help a lot. Another great theater is Minami-za in Kyoto.
一番のおすすめは東京の歌舞伎座だよ。定期的に公演が行われている美しい劇場なんだ。英語のイヤホンガイドもあるから、とても助かるよ。もう一つの素晴らしい劇場は京都の南座だよ。
I’ll definitely check out Kabuki-za. What about tickets? Are they hard to get?
絶対に歌舞伎座をチェックするよ。チケットはどう？手に入れるのは難しい？
Not really. You can buy tickets online from their official website or directly at the theater. For a first-timer, I recommend getting a single act ticket. It’s less commitment and a good way to get a feel for Kabuki.
それほど難しくないよ。公式ウェブサイトや劇場で直接チケットを買えるよ。初めての人には一幕見席のチケットをおすすめするよ。負担が少なく、歌舞伎の雰囲気を感じるのに良い方法だよ。
That’s a good tip. How much do the tickets usually cost?
それはいいアドバイスだね。チケットはいくらくらいするの？
It depends on the seating. Single act tickets can be around 1,000 to 2,000 yen. Full performance tickets range from 4,000 to 20,000 yen, depending on the seat.
座席によるけど、一幕見席のチケットは1,000円から2,000円くらいだよ。全公演のチケットは席によって4,000円から20,000円くらいするんだ。
That sounds reasonable. Is there anything else I should know before going?
それは手頃だね。行く前に他に知っておくべきことはある？
It helps to read a bit about the play beforehand. Also, there are pamphlets and earphone guides available in multiple languages, so you won’t miss any details. And don’t forget to check out the shops and restaurants inside the theater.
事前に少し演目について読んでおくといいよ。また、多言語のパンフレットやイヤホンガイドもあるから、詳細を見逃さないよ。劇場内のショップやレストランも忘れずにチェックしてね。
Thanks, Key. I’m really excited to experience Kabuki now. It sounds like a fantastic way to dive into Japanese culture.
ありがとう、キー。今すごく歌舞伎を体験するのが楽しみだよ。日本文化に触れる素晴らしい方法みたいだね。
You’re welcome, Mack. Enjoy the show! It’s truly an unforgettable experience.
どういたしまして、マック。公演を楽しんでね！本当に忘れられない体験になるよ。
関連情報 / related information
歌舞伎
Origin and History
Kabuki is a traditional Japanese theater form that started in 1603. It was created by a woman named Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto. At first, women performed Kabuki, but later, only men were allowed to perform. Today, Kabuki is performed only by men.
歌舞伎は1603年に始まった日本の伝統的な演劇形式です。京都で出雲の阿国という女性によって創られました。最初は女性が歌舞伎を演じていましたが、後に男性のみが演じるようになりました。現在では、歌舞伎は男性のみが演じています。
Features
Kabuki is known for its elaborate costumes, dramatic makeup, and exaggerated acting. The makeup, called Kumadori, highlights the characters’ roles and emotions. The actors use strong poses and movements to express their characters.
歌舞伎は豪華な衣装、ドラマチックなメイク、誇張された演技で知られています。クマ取りと呼ばれるメイクは、キャラクターの役割や感情を強調します。役者は強いポーズや動きを使ってキャラクターを表現します。
Types of Plays
There are three main types of Kabuki plays:
- Historical Plays: These plays tell stories about historical events and samurai.
- Domestic Plays : These focus on the lives of ordinary people and everyday events.
- Dance Plays : These are centered around dance performances.
歌舞伎の演目には主に3つの種類があります。
- 時代物: 歴史的な出来事や侍の物語を描く演目。
- 世話物: 普通の人々の生活や日常の出来事を描く演目。
- 所作事: 舞踊を中心とした演目。
Popular Plays
Some popular Kabuki plays are:
- Kanjincho: A play with a clear story and famous scenes. It’s good for beginners.
- Renjishi: This play features dynamic lion dances, which are very visually impressive.
- Kanadehon Chushingura: A classic story about loyalty and revenge.
いくつかの人気のある歌舞伎の演目は次の通りです。
- 勧進帳: 明確なストーリーと有名なシーンがある演目。初心者におすすめです。
- 連獅子: ダイナミックな獅子舞が特徴の演目。視覚的に非常に印象的です。
- 仮名手本忠臣蔵: 忠誠と復讐の古典的な物語。
Watching Kabuki
For beginners, it is good to buy a single act ticket. This allows you to watch one part of the play. Most theaters offer earphone guides in English and other languages to help you understand the story. Kabuki-za in Tokyo is a great place to watch Kabuki. You can buy tickets online from their official website. Single act tickets cost around 1,000 to 2,000 yen, and full performance tickets range from 4,000 to 20,000 yen.
初心者には、一幕見席のチケットを買うのが良いです。これにより、演目の一部を観ることができます。多くの劇場では、物語を理解するのを助けるために英語や他の言語のイヤホンガイドを提供しています。東京の歌舞伎座は歌舞伎を見るのに最適な場所です。公式ウェブサイトでチケットを購入できます。一幕見席のチケットは約1,000円から2,000円、全公演のチケットは席によって4,000円から20,000円です。
10の質問 / 10 questions
1: What is Kabuki?
歌舞伎とは何ですか？
Kabuki is a traditional Japanese theater form that started in the early 1600s. It is known for its elaborate costumes, dramatic makeup, and exaggerated acting.
歌舞伎は1600年代初頭に始まった日本の伝統的な演劇形式です。精巧な衣装、ドラマチックなメイク、そして誇張された演技で知られています。
2: Who created Kabuki?
歌舞伎を作ったのは誰ですか？
Kabuki was created by a woman named Izumo no Okuni in Kyoto in 1603. She performed dance and drama, which became the basis of Kabuki.
歌舞伎は1603年に京都で出雲の阿国という女性によって作られました。彼女が踊りや演劇を披露したことが、歌舞伎の基礎となりました。
3: What are the main types of Kabuki plays?
歌舞伎の主な演目の種類は何ですか？
There are three main types of Kabuki plays: historical plays (jidaimono), domestic plays (sewamono), and dance plays (shosagoto).
歌舞伎の演目には主に3つの種類があります。時代物、世話物、そして所作事です。
4: What is Kumadori in Kabuki?
歌舞伎におけるクマ取りとは何ですか？
Kumadori is the dramatic makeup used in Kabuki to highlight the characters' roles and emotions. It uses bold colors and patterns.
クマ取りは、歌舞伎で役柄や感情を際立たせるために使われるドラマチックなメイクです。大胆な色彩とパターンが使用されます。
5: Why do only men perform in Kabuki?
なぜ歌舞伎は男性だけが演じるのですか？
Originally, women performed in Kabuki, but in 1629, women were banned from performing, and since then, only men have taken on all the roles.
元々は女性が歌舞伎を演じていましたが、1629年に女性の出演が禁止され、それ以降は男性だけがすべての役を演じるようになりました。
6: What is Hanamichi in Kabuki?
歌舞伎における花道とは何ですか？
Hanamichi is a raised platform or runway that extends from the stage into the audience. It is used for dramatic entrances and exits.
花道は舞台から観客席に伸びる高い通路やランウェイのことです。劇的な登場や退場に使われます。
7: What is a popular Kabuki play for beginners?
初心者に人気のある歌舞伎の演目は何ですか？
Kanjincho is a popular Kabuki play for beginners. It has a clear story and famous scenes, making it easy to understand.
勧進帳は初心者に人気のある歌舞伎の演目です。明確なストーリーと有名なシーンがあり、理解しやすいです。
8: Where can you watch Kabuki performances?
歌舞伎の公演はどこで観られますか？
Kabuki performances can be watched at theaters like Kabuki-za in Tokyo and Minami-za in Kyoto, where regular performances are held.
歌舞伎の公演は、東京の歌舞伎座や京都の南座などの劇場で観ることができ、定期的に公演が行われています。
9: How can a beginner enjoy watching Kabuki?
初心者はどのように歌舞伎を楽しめますか？
A beginner can enjoy Kabuki by buying a single act ticket and using an earphone guide, which provides explanations in English and other languages.
初心者は一幕見席のチケットを購入し、英語などで解説が聞けるイヤホンガイドを利用することで、歌舞伎を楽しむことができます。
10: How much do Kabuki tickets usually cost?
歌舞伎のチケットは通常いくらですか？
Kabuki ticket prices vary. Single act tickets cost around 1,000 to 2,000 yen, while full performance tickets can range from 4,000 to 20,000 yen, depending on the seat.
歌舞伎のチケット価格はさまざまです。一幕見席のチケットは1,000円から2,000円程度で、全公演のチケットは席によって4,000円から20,000円までです。
words & phrases
英会話ダイアローグと関連情報に出てきた単語・フレーズです（例文は各３つ）。
elaborate : 形容詞
意味:精巧な、複雑な。Involving many careful details or complicated parts.
(歌舞伎の文脈では、衣装や舞台装置の精巧さを指す)
例文
The costume was very elaborate, with intricate patterns and bright colors.
「衣装はとても精巧で、複雑な模様と鮮やかな色が施されていました。」
The elaborate set design made the play look more realistic.
「精巧な舞台装置のデザインが演劇をより現実的に見せました。」
Her elaborate explanation helped everyone understand the complex topic.
「彼女の詳しい説明が、皆の複雑なテーマの理解を助けました。」
depict : 動詞
意味:描写する、描く。To represent or show something in a picture or story.
(歌舞伎の演目が歴史的な出来事や物語を描くことを指す)
例文
The painting depicts a beautiful landscape.
「その絵画は美しい風景を描いています。」
The novel depicts the struggles of a young woman in the 19th century.
「その小説は19世紀の若い女性の苦悩を描いています。」
Kabuki plays often depict historical events and samurai stories.
「歌舞伎の演目はしばしば歴史的な出来事や侍の物語を描きます。」
varied : 形容詞
意味:多様な、様々な。Including many different types or elements.
(歌舞伎の演目が多様で興味深いことを説明する)
例文
The restaurant offers a varied menu with dishes from different cuisines.
「そのレストランは様々な料理のある多様なメニューを提供しています。」
Her interests are quite varied, ranging from sports to art.
「彼女の興味はスポーツから芸術まで非常に多様です。」
Kabuki has varied performances, including historical and dance plays.
「歌舞伎には歴史物や舞踊など多様な演目があります。」
commitment : 名詞
意味:約束、責任、献身。A promise or firm decision to do something; dedication.
(一幕見席は全公演に比べて負担が少ないという意味で使われる)
例文
He made a commitment to finish the project on time.
「彼はプロジェクトを期限内に終わらせるという約束をしました。」
Marriage requires a strong commitment between partners.
「結婚はパートナー間の強い献身を必要とします。」Buying a single act ticket is less of a commitment than a full performance.
「一幕見席のチケットを買うことは、全公演のチケットよりも負担が少ないです。」
seating : 名詞
意味:座席、座ること。The arrangement or number of seats in a particular space.
(歌舞伎座の座席について、価格と配置に関する説明で使われる)
例文
The seating in the theater was very comfortable.
「劇場の座席はとても快適でした。」
We need to arrange the seating for the event.
「イベントの座席を配置する必要があります。」
The seating at Kabuki-za varies in price depending on the location.
「歌舞伎座の座席は場所によって価格が異なります。」