金閣寺を英語で説明・紹介するための基本情報と、英会話に役立つ表現をシンプルでわかりやすい英語で紹介します。
英会話ダイアローグ・関連情報・10の質問を通して、金閣寺に関する英語表現を学びます。
英語
英会話ダイアローグを読む前に知っておくと良い前提知識と情報は以下の通りです。
- 正式名称と位置
- 正式名称: 鹿苑寺（ろくおんじ）
- 所在地: 京都府京都市北区
- 歴史
- 建立: 1397年、足利義満（あしかが よしみつ）によって建てられた
- 転換: 義満の死後、禅寺に改修
- 建築様式
- 一階: 寝殿造り（しんでんづくり）、自然木と白い漆喰を使用
- 二階: 武家造り（ぶけづくり）、金箔で覆われている
- 三階: 禅宗様（ぜんしゅうよう）、金箔で覆われている
- 文化的背景
- 北山文化: 武士と貴族の文化が融合した文化を反映
- 象徴: 上層階の金箔は精神的な世界と武士階級の力を象徴
- 見どころ
- 鏡湖池（きょうこち）: 金閣寺が美しく映る池
- 庭園: 散策しながらさまざまな景観を楽しめる
2人が京都にある金閣寺について話しています。
金閣寺の歴史、建築様式、見どころ、各季節の魅力などを話題にしています。
会話 / dialogue
Hey Key, I’ve been reading about Kinkaku-ji and I’m really interested in visiting it. Have you ever been there?
Yes, I have! It’s one of the most iconic places in Kyoto. What do you want to know about it?
I’d love to know more about its history and what makes it so special.
Sure. Kinkaku-ji was originally built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, who was a shogun. After he died, it became a Zen temple. Officially, it’s called Rokuon-ji, or Deer Garden Temple.
Wow, that’s interesting. I heard it’s called the Golden Pavilion. Is it really covered in gold?
Yes, the second and third floors are covered in gold leaf. The first floor, though, is different. It’s built in a style called Shinden-zukuri and uses natural wood and white plaster.
Why is the first floor not covered in gold like the others?
Good question. The first floor represents the human world, so it’s simpler and more natural. The gold on the upper floors symbolizes the higher spiritual world and the power of the samurai class. This design reflects the cultural movement of Kitayama culture, which emphasized the blending of samurai and aristocratic cultures.
That’s fascinating. What about the third floor? I heard it’s in a different style too.
Yes, the third floor is built in the Zen temple style, or Zen-shuyo. It represents the spiritual world and the Buddhist ideals of peace and enlightenment.
What are some of the highlights I should look out for when I visit?
Definitely check out the Mirror Pond. It reflects the temple beautifully. Also, the garden is a great place to stroll and enjoy different views of the temple.
What’s the best time of year to visit?
Each season has its own charm. Spring has cherry blossoms, summer is lush and green, autumn has stunning red leaves, and winter can be magical with snow. Autumn is very popular but can be crowded.
I might go in winter then. The idea of seeing it covered in snow sounds amazing.
It really is. The contrast between the gold leaf and the white snow is breathtaking.
Thanks for all the info, Key. I’m definitely going to make plans to visit soon.
No problem, Mack. Enjoy your visit to Kinkaku-ji! It’s a place that leaves a lasting impression.
I can’t wait. I will take lots of photos!
Great idea. Have a great trip, Mack!
Thanks again, Key!
Anytime, Mack. Enjoy your visit!
関連情報 / related information
「金閣寺」について、理解を深めるための「英語での関連情報」です。
金閣寺
History
Kinkaku-ji, also known as the Golden Pavilion, is a famous temple in Kyoto, Japan. It was built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, a shogun. After his death, it became a Zen temple. Officially, it is called Rokuon-ji, which means Deer Garden Temple.
Architecture
The temple has three floors, each with a different style. The first floor is built in the Shinden-zukuri style, using natural wood and white plaster. The second floor is in the Bukke style and is covered in gold leaf. The third floor is in the Zen temple style and is also covered in gold leaf. The gold leaf makes the temple look very special and beautiful.
Cultural Significance
Kinkaku-ji represents Kitayama culture, which blends samurai and aristocratic cultures. The gold on the upper floors symbolizes the spiritual world and the power of the samurai class. This mix of styles and symbolism makes Kinkaku-ji a unique and important cultural site.
Highlights
One of the main highlights is the Mirror Pond, which beautifully reflects the temple. The garden around Kinkaku-ji is also a great place to walk and enjoy different views of the temple.
Best Seasons to Visit
Each season at Kinkaku-ji has its own charm. In spring, you can see cherry blossoms. In summer, the greenery is lush. Autumn brings stunning red leaves, and in winter, the snow-covered temple looks magical. Many people visit in autumn, but it can be crowded.
10の質問 / 10 questions
「金閣寺」について、理解を深めるための「英語での10の質問」です。
1: What is Kinkaku-ji?
Kinkaku-ji, also known as the Golden Pavilion, is a famous Zen Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan. It is known for its beautiful gold-leaf-covered upper floors.
2: When was Kinkaku-ji built?
Kinkaku-ji was originally built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, a shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate.
3: What is the official name of Kinkaku-ji?
The official name of Kinkaku-ji is Rokuon-ji, which means Deer Garden Temple.
4: Why is Kinkaku-ji called the Golden Pavilion?
Kinkaku-ji is called the Golden Pavilion because the second and third floors are covered in gold leaf, which gives the temple its iconic golden appearance.
5: What are the architectural styles of Kinkaku-ji?
Kinkaku-ji has three floors, each with a different style: the first floor is Shinden-zukuri, the second is Bukke style, and the third is Zen temple style.
6: What is the cultural significance of Kinkaku-ji?
Kinkaku-ji represents the blending of samurai and aristocratic cultures during the Kitayama culture period and symbolizes spiritual enlightenment.
7: What is the Mirror Pond at Kinkaku-ji?
The Mirror Pond is the pond in front of Kinkaku-ji that beautifully reflects the golden temple, adding to the temple’s scenic beauty.
8: What is the best time to visit Kinkaku-ji?
The best time to visit Kinkaku-ji depends on your preference. Spring offers cherry blossoms, autumn has stunning red leaves, and winter provides a magical snow-covered landscape.
9: How is the first floor of Kinkaku-ji different from the others?
The first floor of Kinkaku-ji is simpler, built in the Shinden-zukuri style, using natural wood and white plaster, unlike the gold-covered upper floors.
10: Why is Kinkaku-ji important in Japanese culture?
Kinkaku-ji is an important cultural site because of its historical significance, unique architecture, and representation of spiritual ideals in Japanese culture.
和訳付
会話 / dialogue
Hey Key, I’ve been reading about Kinkaku-ji and I’m really interested in visiting it. Have you ever been there?
ねぇキー、金閣寺について読んでて、本当に訪れたいと思ってるんだ。行ったことある？
Yes, I have! It’s one of the most iconic places in Kyoto. What do you want to know about it?
うん、行ったことあるよ！京都で最も象徴的な場所の一つだよ。何を知りたい？
I’d love to know more about its history and what makes it so special.
歴史や、特別なところをもっと知りたいな。
Sure. Kinkaku-ji was originally built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, who was a shogun. After he died, it became a Zen temple. Officially, it’s called Rokuon-ji, or Deer Garden Temple.
もちろん。金閣寺は、もともと1397年に将軍だった足利義満によって建てられたんだ。彼が亡くなった後、禅寺になったんだよ。正式には鹿苑寺（ろくおんじ）と呼ばれているんだ。
Wow, that’s interesting. I heard it’s called the Golden Pavilion. Is it really covered in gold?
へぇ、それは面白いね。金閣って呼ばれているって聞いたけど、本当に金で覆われているの？
Yes, the second and third floors are covered in gold leaf. The first floor, though, is different. It’s built in a style called Shinden-zukuri and uses natural wood and white plaster.
うん、二階と三階は金箔で覆われているよ。でも、一階は違うんだ。寝殿造りという様式で、自然木と白い漆喰が使われているんだ。
Why is the first floor not covered in gold like the others?
どうして一階は他の階みたいに金で覆われていないの？
Good question. The first floor represents the human world, so it’s simpler and more natural. The gold on the upper floors symbolizes the higher spiritual world and the power of the samurai class. This design reflects the cultural movement of Kitayama culture, which emphasized the blending of samurai and aristocratic cultures.
いい質問だね。一階は人間の世界を表しているから、よりシンプルで自然なんだ。上の階の金は、より高い精神的な世界と武士階級の力を象徴している。このデザインは、武士と貴族の文化が融合した北山文化を反映しているんだ。
That’s fascinating. What about the third floor? I heard it’s in a different style too.
それは興味深いね。三階についてはどう？別の様式だって聞いたけど。
Yes, the third floor is built in the Zen temple style, or Zen-shuyo. It represents the spiritual world and the Buddhist ideals of peace and enlightenment.
そうだね、三階は禅宗様（ぜんしゅうよう）で建てられていて、精神的な世界と仏教の平和と悟りの理想を表しているんだ。
What are some of the highlights I should look out for when I visit?
訪れたときに見逃せない見どころは何？
Definitely check out the Mirror Pond. It reflects the temple beautifully. Also, the garden is a great place to stroll and enjoy different views of the temple.
鏡湖池（きょうこち）は絶対に見てね。金閣寺が美しく映るんだ。それに、庭園も散策するのに最適で、寺のさまざまな景観を楽しめるよ。
What’s the best time of year to visit?
訪れるのに一番良い季節はいつ？
Each season has its own charm. Spring has cherry blossoms, summer is lush and green, autumn has stunning red leaves, and winter can be magical with snow. Autumn is very popular but can be crowded.
各季節ごとに魅力があるよ。春は桜、夏は緑が美しく、秋は紅葉が見事で、冬は雪で魔法のような景色になる。秋はとても人気だけど、混雑することがあるね。
I might go in winter then. The idea of seeing it covered in snow sounds amazing.
じゃあ冬に行こうかな。雪で覆われた景色を見るのは素晴らしそうだ。
It really is. The contrast between the gold leaf and the white snow is breathtaking.
本当にそうだよ。金箔と白い雪のコントラストは息をのむほど美しいよ。
Thanks for all the info, Key. I’m definitely going to make plans to visit soon.
情報をたくさんありがとう、キー。すぐに訪れる計画を立てるよ。
No problem, Mack. Enjoy your visit to Kinkaku-ji! It’s a place that leaves a lasting impression.
どういたしまして、マック。金閣寺を楽しんでね！忘れられない場所だよ。
I can’t wait. I will take lots of photos!
待ちきれないよ。たくさん写真を撮るよ！
Great idea. Have a great trip, Mack!
いい考えだね。良い旅を、マック！
Thanks again, Key!
ありがとう、キー！
Anytime, Mack. Enjoy your visit!
いつでもどうぞ、マック。楽しんでね！
関連情報 / related information
金閣寺
History
Kinkaku-ji, also known as the Golden Pavilion, is a famous temple in Kyoto, Japan. It was built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, a shogun. After his death, it became a Zen temple. Officially, it is called Rokuon-ji, which means Deer Garden Temple.
金閣寺、別名「ゴールデンパビリオン」は、日本の京都にある有名な寺院です。1397年に将軍の足利義満によって建てられました。義満の死後、禅寺になりました。正式には「鹿苑寺（ろくおんじ）」と呼ばれ、「鹿の庭の寺」という意味です。
Architecture
The temple has three floors, each with a different style. The first floor is built in the Shinden-zukuri style, using natural wood and white plaster. The second floor is in the Bukke style and is covered in gold leaf. The third floor is in the Zen temple style and is also covered in gold leaf. The gold leaf makes the temple look very special and beautiful.
この寺院は三階建てで、各階が異なる様式で建てられています。一階は寝殿造り様式で、自然木と白い漆喰が使われています。二階は武家造り様式で、金箔で覆われています。三階は禅寺様式で、こちらも金箔で覆われています。金箔が寺院を非常に特別で美しく見せています。
Cultural Significance
Kinkaku-ji represents Kitayama culture, which blends samurai and aristocratic cultures. The gold on the upper floors symbolizes the spiritual world and the power of the samurai class. This mix of styles and symbolism makes Kinkaku-ji a unique and important cultural site.
金閣寺は、武士と貴族の文化が融合した北山文化を象徴しています。上層階の金箔は、精神的な世界と武士階級の力を象徴しています。この様式と象徴の融合により、金閣寺は独特で重要な文化遺産となっています。
Highlights
One of the main highlights is the Mirror Pond, which beautifully reflects the temple. The garden around Kinkaku-ji is also a great place to walk and enjoy different views of the temple.
主な見どころの一つは鏡湖池で、寺院を美しく映し出します。金閣寺周辺の庭園も散策に最適で、さまざまな景観を楽しむことができます。
Best Seasons to Visit
Each season at Kinkaku-ji has its own charm. In spring, you can see cherry blossoms. In summer, the greenery is lush. Autumn brings stunning red leaves, and in winter, the snow-covered temple looks magical. Many people visit in autumn, but it can be crowded.
金閣寺は季節ごとに独自の魅力があります。春には桜が見られます。夏は緑が豊かで、秋は見事な紅葉が楽しめます。冬は雪に覆われた寺院が幻想的です。秋は多くの人が訪れますが、混雑することがあります。
10の質問 / 10 questions
1: What is Kinkaku-ji?
金閣寺とは何ですか？
Kinkaku-ji, also known as the Golden Pavilion, is a famous Zen Buddhist temple in Kyoto, Japan. It is known for its beautiful gold-leaf-covered upper floors.
金閣寺は「ゴールデンパビリオン」としても知られている、日本の京都にある有名な禅寺です。上層階が金箔で覆われていることで有名です。
2: When was Kinkaku-ji built?
金閣寺はいつ建てられましたか？
Kinkaku-ji was originally built in 1397 by Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, a shogun of the Ashikaga shogunate.
金閣寺は、室町幕府の将軍であった足利義満によって1397年に建てられました。
3: What is the official name of Kinkaku-ji?
金閣寺の正式名称は何ですか？
The official name of Kinkaku-ji is Rokuon-ji, which means Deer Garden Temple.
金閣寺の正式名称は鹿苑寺（ろくおんじ）で、これは「鹿の庭の寺」という意味です。
4: Why is Kinkaku-ji called the Golden Pavilion?
なぜ金閣寺はゴールデンパビリオンと呼ばれるのですか？
Kinkaku-ji is called the Golden Pavilion because the second and third floors are covered in gold leaf, which gives the temple its iconic golden appearance.
金閣寺は、二階と三階が金箔で覆われており、その象徴的な金色の外観を持っているため、ゴールデンパビリオンと呼ばれています。
5: What are the architectural styles of Kinkaku-ji?
金閣寺の建築様式は何ですか？
Kinkaku-ji has three floors, each with a different style: the first floor is Shinden-zukuri, the second is Bukke style, and the third is Zen temple style.
金閣寺は三階建てで、それぞれ異なる様式があります。一階は寝殿造り、二階は武家造り、三階は禅宗様式です。
6: What is the cultural significance of Kinkaku-ji?
金閣寺の文化的意義は何ですか？
Kinkaku-ji represents the blending of samurai and aristocratic cultures during the Kitayama culture period and symbolizes spiritual enlightenment.
金閣寺は北山文化の時代における武士と貴族文化の融合を象徴し、精神的な悟りを象徴しています。
7: What is the Mirror Pond at Kinkaku-ji?
金閣寺の鏡湖池とは何ですか？
The Mirror Pond is the pond in front of Kinkaku-ji that beautifully reflects the golden temple, adding to the temple’s scenic beauty.
鏡湖池は金閣寺の前にある池で、寺院の美しい金色の姿を映し出し、景観をさらに美しくしています。
8: What is the best time to visit Kinkaku-ji?
金閣寺を訪れるのに最適な時期はいつですか？
The best time to visit Kinkaku-ji depends on your preference. Spring offers cherry blossoms, autumn has stunning red leaves, and winter provides a magical snow-covered landscape.
金閣寺を訪れるのに最適な時期は好みによります。春には桜、秋には見事な紅葉、冬には雪に覆われた幻想的な風景が楽しめます。
9: How is the first floor of Kinkaku-ji different from the others?
金閣寺の一階は他の階とどう違うのですか？
The first floor of Kinkaku-ji is simpler, built in the Shinden-zukuri style, using natural wood and white plaster, unlike the gold-covered upper floors.
金閣寺の一階は、金箔で覆われた上層階とは異なり、自然木と白い漆喰を使用したシンプルな寝殿造り様式です。
10: Why is Kinkaku-ji important in Japanese culture?
金閣寺が日本文化において重要な理由は何ですか？
Kinkaku-ji is an important cultural site because of its historical significance, unique architecture, and representation of spiritual ideals in Japanese culture.
金閣寺は、その歴史的意義、独特な建築、そして日本文化における精神的な理想を表現しているため、重要な文化遺産です。
words & phrases
英会話ダイアローグと関連情報に出てきた単語・フレーズです（例文は各３つ）。
iconic : 形容詞
意味: 象徴的な、非常に有名で代表的な。Highly representative and widely recognized as a symbol.
（京都で最も象徴的な場所の一つとして金閣寺を指す）
例文
- The Eiffel Tower is an iconic symbol of Paris.
「エッフェル塔はパリの象徴的なシンボルです。」 - The Golden Pavilion is one of Kyoto’s most iconic landmarks.
「金閣寺は京都で最も象徴的なランドマークの一つです。」 - The Statue of Liberty is iconic to many Americans.
「自由の女神は多くのアメリカ人にとって象徴的な存在です。」
blending : 名詞/現在分詞
意味: 混合、融合。The process of combining or mixing different elements.
（武士と貴族の文化の融合を指す）
例文
- The blending of colors created a beautiful painting.
「色の混合が美しい絵を作り出しました。」 - The blending of different cultures can create something unique.
「異なる文化の融合はユニークなものを生み出すことがあります。」 - Blending modern and traditional styles can be challenging.
「現代と伝統的なスタイルの融合は難しいことがあります。」
enlightenment : 名詞
意味: 啓発、悟り。The state of gaining knowledge and understanding, often spiritual.
（仏教の平和と悟りの理想を指す）
例文
- The monk spent years seeking enlightenment.
「その僧侶は何年も悟りを求めて過ごしました。」 - Reading can lead to personal enlightenment.
「読書は個人的な啓発につながることがあります。」 - The journey towards enlightenment is different for everyone.
「悟りへの旅は人それぞれです。」
blend : 動詞
意味: 混ぜる、融合する。To mix or combine smoothly and harmoniously.
（様式と象徴の融合を指す）
例文
- She blended the fruits to make a smoothie.
「彼女はスムージーを作るために果物を混ぜました。」 - The artist blended colors to create a soft effect.
「アーティストは色を混ぜて柔らかい効果を作り出しました。」 - Their voices blended perfectly in the song.
「彼らの声はその歌で完璧に調和しました。」
aristocratic : 形容詞
意味: 貴族の、貴族的な。Belonging to or characteristic of the aristocracy; noble.
（貴族文化の特徴を指す）
例文
- She came from an aristocratic family.
「彼女は貴族の家系出身です。」 - The mansion had an aristocratic elegance.
「その邸宅には貴族的な優雅さがありました。」 - His mannerisms were quite aristocratic.
「彼の仕草は非常に貴族的でした。」